FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety

SEI Report
This report organizes our work on the impact of software complexity on aircraft safety by asking, “How can complexity complicate safety and, thus, certification?”
Publisher

Software Engineering Institute

Abstract

This report organizes our work to date on the topic of the effects of system complexity on aircraft safety. Hence, the bulk of this report is an appendix in progress. We have organized this work on the impact that software complexity has for aircraft safety by looking in two directions. Backward tracing asks the question, “What aspects of safety, V&V, and certification can be complicated by complexity?” Forward tracing asks the question, “What about complexity can lead to problems with certification, V&V, and flight safety?”

Cite This SEI Report

Sheard, S., Weinstock, C., Konrad, M., & Firesmith, D. (2016, November 30). FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety. Retrieved August 9, 2026, from https://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/faa-research-project-on-system-complexity-effects-on-aircraft-safety-identifying-the-impact-of-complexity-on-safety/.

@techreport{sheard_2016,
author={Sheard, Sarah and Weinstock, Charles and Konrad, Michael and Firesmith, Donald},
title={FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety},
month={Nov},
year={2016},
institution={Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University},
url={https://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/faa-research-project-on-system-complexity-effects-on-aircraft-safety-identifying-the-impact-of-complexity-on-safety/},
note={Accessed: 2026-Aug-9}
}

Sheard, Sarah, Charles Weinstock, Michael Konrad, and Donald Firesmith. "FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety." Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University. Software Engineering Institute, November 30, 2016. https://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/faa-research-project-on-system-complexity-effects-on-aircraft-safety-identifying-the-impact-of-complexity-on-safety/.

S. Sheard, C. Weinstock, M. Konrad, and D. Firesmith, "FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety," Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University. Software Engineering Institute, 30-Nov-2016 [Online]. Available: https://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/faa-research-project-on-system-complexity-effects-on-aircraft-safety-identifying-the-impact-of-complexity-on-safety/. [Accessed: 9-Aug-2026].

Sheard, Sarah, Charles Weinstock, Michael Konrad, and Donald Firesmith. "FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety." Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute, 30 Nov. 2016. https://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/faa-research-project-on-system-complexity-effects-on-aircraft-safety-identifying-the-impact-of-complexity-on-safety/. Accessed 9 Aug. 2026.

Sheard, Sarah; Weinstock, Charles; Konrad, Michael; & Firesmith, Donald. FAA Research Project on System Complexity Effects on Aircraft Safety: Identifying the Impact of Complexity on Safety. Software Engineering Institute. 2016. https://www.sei.cmu.edu/library/faa-research-project-on-system-complexity-effects-on-aircraft-safety-identifying-the-impact-of-complexity-on-safety/